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A matura is an examination that is required for a student's formal graduation from high school or its equivalent. The exam is taken at the end of grade 12 and can be understood as an analog to A-levels, or SATs and ACTs in the US and English Canada respectively. The Matura exams take place on a national level: students sit for one exam with no option to select their particular topics. Students are required to sit for four out of five examination topics. Examinations must be taken in the language of the country where the institution is located. The Matura takes place in summer, between May and September. The list of subjects students study for the one exam varies from country to country:The final grade of a student may vary: it can vary from 0 to 100%. It depends on how many exams had been passed and how many was passed correctly. Grading system is both objective and subjective: it depends on the definition of correct answers and their weight, but also on how well the student answered each question. Usually students should pass all exams in order to get the diploma. But in some countries, for example in Slovakia, Czech Republic and Hungary, students can graduate even if they failed one or several exam(s). At the end of the matura period it is required that students submit a document about their future plans. This prerequisite ensures that every student who has graduated has something to do after graduation. Usually it is only required when a student graduates with mediocre results (60-69%). Students who graduate with good results (70-79%) don't have to submit it. Since the introduction of the Matura (in different forms) in Central and Eastern Europe, it has become common to apply for "second-cycle" education (e.g. BA/BSc studies). Before, this was only common for students who wanted to pursue their studies abroad or in a more specialized university within their country (e.g. law, medical etc.). Since the Bologna process of European integration, legislation has required that Bachelor's and Master's degrees be standard throughout the EU; once obtained, they are normally mutually recognized. In most cases this means that completion of a certain number of study points, over a period of at least three years full-time study time is necessary. Usually this is in addition to the obligatory internship in the student's area of study. Most countries in Eastern and South Eastern Europe that follow the Bologna process have introduced bachelor's and master's degrees that run over three or four years. However, some countries, e.g. Albania, still adhere to the old five-year system, which means students may graduate with a master's degree after completing their undergraduate studies (Bachelor). Although the matura is not mandatory when applying for university studies in most countries of Central Europe (e.g. Poland), most universities accept only applicants with at least a minimum grade on their matura/baccalaureus exam (60%). cfa1e77820
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